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Jurnal Alami : Jurnal Teknologi Reduksi Risiko Bencana
Published by Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25488635     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences
Jurnal Alami adalah salah satu jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Pusat Teknologi Reduksi Risiko Bencana, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT). Kami menerbitkan makalah penelitian asli, meninjau artikel, dan studi kasus yang berfokus pada teknologi yang mampu mereduksi risiko bencana serta topik terkait. Semua makalah ditelaah oleh setidaknya dua peninjau. Jurnal Alami diterbitkan dua kali setahun di setiap bulan Mei dan Oktober.
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Articles 8 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Alami" : 8 Documents clear
Prototipe Pendeteksi Bencana Longsor dan Kekeringan Pertanian Berbasis Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Menggunakan Radio Frequency (RF) dengan Topologi Star Riski Fitriani
Jurnal ALAMI : Jurnal Teknologi Reduksi Risiko Bencana Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Alami
Publisher : Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology / Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/alami.v3i1.3310

Abstract

Frekuensi kejadian bencana terkait iklim dan cuaca (bencana hidrometeorologi) di Indonesia terus meningkat. Hal itu menjadi faktor perlunya teknologi untuk meminimalkan korban jiwa, kerugian harta benda, dan lingkungan. Oleh karena itu dirancang prototipe untuk mendeteksi bencana longsor dan kekeringan pertanian berbasis Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) dimana data-data lapangan dapat terhubung ke data center  menggunakan Radio Frequency (RF). WSN terdiri dari beberapa sensor node/end device yang saling berkomunikasi tanpa kabel untuk melakukan pengiriman data ke coordinator. End device yang akan dibuat berfungsi untuk mendeteksi kemiringan dan kelembaban tanah. Perangkat keras yang digunakan yaitu Arduino mega, Xbee S3B 900 MHz, Real Time Clock (RTC) DS3231, buzzer, sensor akselerometer dan sensor kelembaban tanah. Prototype yang dibuat low budget dan mampu mendeteksi bencana longsor dengan pengukuran kemiringan tanah yang memiliki tingkat kesalahan 10,7% serta mampu mendeteksi bencana kekeringan pertanian dengan mengukur kelembaban tanah yang memiliki tingkat kesalahan 3,4%.
Perencanaan Aplikasi Bioengineering Tanah pada Kawasan Bekas Longsor di Desa Cililin, Kecamatan Cililin, Kabupaten Bandung Barat, Provinsi Jawa Barat Dyah Nursita Utami; Akhmadi Puguh Raharjo
Jurnal ALAMI : Jurnal Teknologi Reduksi Risiko Bencana Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Alami
Publisher : Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology / Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/alami.v3i1.3327

Abstract

Landslides are the third most frequent disaster in Indonesia. One of these landslides occurred on March 10, 2017 in residential area of Jatiradio, Cililin Village, Cililin Sub-District, West Bandung Regency, West Java Province. Post-incident investigations have produced information regarding the characteristics of the area and recommendations for disaster mitigation. At present it is known that there are still problems left unsolved in the area that need to be mitigated. The purpose of this study is to identify those unsolved problems at the study site and formulate solutions to the problem using a soil bioengineering approach. Among all the data that need to be collected are the condition of both existing vegetation and subsurface profile on the former landslide slopes at the study site. Data from the observations were then analyzed to produce recommendations regarding the application of soil bioengineering at the study site. From this study, pine trees (Pinus merkusii) is recommended to be planted on the slopes and areas around the rock gabions. This type of vegetation has fulfilled four pre-determined criterias related to the function of slope protection and groundwater regulation for this particular area and is considered suitable to be applied to the study site.
Pemodelan Citra Penginderaan Jauh Multi Waktu untuk Pemantauan Deforestasi Dian Nuraini Melati
Jurnal ALAMI : Jurnal Teknologi Reduksi Risiko Bencana Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Alami
Publisher : Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology / Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/alami.v3i1.3368

Abstract

Tropical rainforest in Indonesia faces critical issue related to deforestation. Human activities which convert forest cover into non-forest cover has been a major issue. In order to sustain the forest resources, monitoring on deforestation and forest cover prediction is necessary to be done. Remotely sensed data, Landsat images, with acquisition in 1996, 2000, and 2005 are used in this study. In this study area, forest cover decreased around 6 % in the period of 1996 - 2005. For the purpose of forest cover modelling, three model (i.e. Stochastic Markov Model, Cellullar Automata Markov (CA_Markov) Model, dan GEOMOD) were tested. Based upon the Kappa index, GEOMOD performed better with the highest Kappa index. Therefore, GEOMOD is recommended to forecast forest cover.
Kajian Penerapan Standar Tahan Gempa pada Pemeriksaan Struktur Gedung Terbangun Mulyo Harris Pradono
Jurnal ALAMI : Jurnal Teknologi Reduksi Risiko Bencana Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Alami
Publisher : Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology / Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/alami.v3i1.3398

Abstract

Di dalam standar perencanaan bangunan tahan gempa, disebutkan bahwa gedung yang aman gempa harus memenuhi beberapa kriteria yang dapat dikaji saat gedung sudah dibangun. Beberapa kriteria dapat diperiksa dengan melakukan kajian detil pada gedung. Ada tiga kriteria yang dapat digunakan untuk memeriksa apakah suatu struktur terbangun sudah sesuai dengan standar yang dipersyaratkan. Kriteria itu adalah dimensi kolom, kapasitas kolom, dan periode getar struktur. Dengan melakukan kaji kuat tekan beton, kaji tulangan dalam kolom dan balok, serta pemodelan numerik struktur gedung, maka ketiga kriteria di atas dapat dikaji dan dibandingkan dengan persyaratan di dalam standar perencanaan bangunan tahan gempa. Dalam makalah ini disampaikan kegiatan kajian pada sebuah gedung bertingkat untuk mengetahui kesesuaian struktur gedung dengan persyaratan yang ada dalam standar.
Analisis Bahaya, Kerentanan dan Risiko Bencana Tsunami di Provinsi Papua Barat Heru Sri Naryanto
Jurnal ALAMI : Jurnal Teknologi Reduksi Risiko Bencana Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Alami
Publisher : Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology / Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/alami.v3i1.3399

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe meeting of the 3 world plates, the Eurasian Plate, the Indo-Australian Plate, and the Pacific Plate in eastern Indonesia, caused a high potential for earthquake and tsunami events in the area. The frequency of tsunami events in eastern Indonesia including West Papua Province is quite large. Tsunamis are mostly caused by earthquakes originating from the sea, but can also be triggered by submarine landslides, volcanic eruptions at sea, gas extrusions, celestial bodies, nuclear explosions and other generating sources. With the high potential of tsunamis in West Papua Province, tsunami hazard and risk maps are urgently needed to become a reference in the development planning process and tsunami disaster risk reduction activities that are more effective, efficient and integrated to reduce the possible impact of victims. The danger of a high tsunami in West Papua Province which has a far enough landward direction is on the coast of Sorong City, Sorong District, South Sorong District, Bintuni District and north of Fakfak District (Bomberay Sub-District). Based on the area of high-risk areas, Bintuni District is the district that has the widest high-risk area, with an area of 116,728 Ha or 5.61% of the total area of the Bintuni District, while Tambrauw District is the district with the smallest high risk area of 2,076 Ha or 0,32% of the total area. The only district that does not have a tsunami threat because it is not in the coastal area is Maybrat District.Keywords: tsunami, West Papua, hazard, risk, risk reduction ABSTRAKPertemuan 3 lempeng dunia, Lempeng Eurasia, Lempeng Indo-Australia, dan Lempeng Pasifik di Indonesia bagian timur, menyebabkan potensi tinggi kejadian gempa dan tsunami di  daerah tersebut.  Frekuensi kejadian tsunami di Indonesia bagian timur termasuk Provinsi Papua Barat cukup besar. Tsunami sebagian besar disebabkan oleh gempabumi bersumber di laut, tetapi juga bisa dipicu akibat tanah longsor bawah laut, letusan gunungapi di laut, ekstrusi gas, benda-benda langit, ledakan nuklir dan sumber pembangkit lainnya. Dengan tingginya potensi tsunami di Provinsi Papua Barat, maka sangat dibutuhkan peta bahaya dan risiko tsunami untuk menjadi acuan dalam proses perencanaan pembangunan serta kegiatan pengurangan risiko bencana tsunami yang lebih efektif, efsien dan terpadu untuk mengurangi dampak korban yang mungkin terjadi. Bahaya tsunami tinggi di Provinsi Papua Barat yang mempunyai pelamparan cukup jauh ke arah daratan terdapat di pantai Kota Sorong, Kabupaten Sorong, Kabupaten Sorong Selatan, Kabupaten Bintuni dan sebelah utara Kabupaten Fakfak (Kecamatan Bomberay). Berdasarkan luas area berisiko tinggi, Kabupaten Bintuni merupakan kabupaten yang memiliki area berisiko tinggi terluas, yaitu dengan luas 116.728 Ha atau 5.61% dari luas keseluruhan Wilayah Kabupaten Bintuni, sedangkan Kabupaten Tambrauw merupakan kabupaten dengan wilayah berisiko tinggi paling kecil dengan luas 2.076 Ha atau 0,32% dari seluruh luas wilayahnya. Satu-satunya kabupaten yang tidak memiliki ancaman tsunami karena tidak berada pada kawasan pesisir adalah Kabupaten Maybrat.Kata kunci: tsunami, Papua Barat, bahaya, risiko, pengurangan risiko
Pengecekan dan Perbaikan Secara Langsung Flood Early Warning System (FEWS) di Aliran Sungai Cibongas, Kabupaten Bogor Bondan Fiqi Riyalda
Jurnal ALAMI : Jurnal Teknologi Reduksi Risiko Bencana Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Alami
Publisher : Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology / Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/alami.v3i1.3403

Abstract

Banjir merupakan bencana alam yang menjadi langganan beberapa kota besar di Indonesia, ketika memasuki musim penghujan. Oleh sebab itu banyak pihak yang mengembangkan flood early warning system (FEWS), seperti yang dikembangkan oleh BPPT di aliran sungai Cibongas. Seiring berjalannya waktu dalam pengimplementasian alat tersebut perlu dilakukan pengecekan dan perbaikan, untuk memastikan hasil pengukuran sensor pendeteksi curah hujan dan ketinggian  permukaan air sungai tetap presisi dan dapat terkirim ke server scara berkala menggunakan komunikasi GSM. Pengecekan dan perbaikan dibagi menjadi dua bagian, system dan fisik. Secara system dilakukan penggantian data logger yang telah disiapkan sebelumnya dimana di dalamnya sudah diperbaharui firmware, card I/O, baterai RTC, fuse, dan SIM card regular operator baru dengan sistem pembayaran pasca bayar. Peraturan baru mengenai pembatasan user dalam memiliki jumlah SIM card maksimal 3 buah saja. Secara fisik pengecekan dan perbaikan alat disebabkan oleh dua penyebab, faktor alam dan faktor manusia. Faktor alam rumput tinggi yang perlu dipotong secara periodik, lumut menutupi alat sensor curah hujan perlu dibersihkan juga, sarang serangga yang menutupi sensor sonar juga perlu dibersihkan dan karat pada gembok diminimalisir dengan disemprotkan WD40. Faktor manusia yang tidak bertanggung jawab memasukkan batu kedalam sensor curah hujan dimana perlu dibersihkan dan yang mengendurkan ulir antena dimana perlu di kencangkan lagi ulirnya.Diperlukan sinergitas dalam menjaga alat FEWS ini, baik dari segi menyikapi faktor alam, oknum yang tidak bertanggung jawab, dan teknis peralatannya, supaya manfaatnya dapat dinikmati masyarakat banyak dan meminimalisir jatuhnya korban jiwa maupun harta. Keywords: Banjir, FEWS, pengecekan, perbaikan, data logger, sensor
Simulasi Pengurangan Limpasan Permukaan Menggunakan Sistem Pemanenan Air Hujan Sederhana di Kawasan Penyangga Perkotaan Akhmadi Puguh Raharjo
Jurnal ALAMI : Jurnal Teknologi Reduksi Risiko Bencana Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Alami
Publisher : Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology / Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/alami.v3i1.3448

Abstract

Floods are the most common disaster in Indonesia. Among various flood types, pluvial flood is the least studied one. Simple rain water harvesting system using cistern/barrel and water tank possess the potential to reduce runoff from roofs and help alleviate the severity of pluvial flooding. The purpose of this study was to simulate the application of simple rain water harvesting in reducing surface runoff from roof surfaces in the study area within the sub Basin of Pesanggrahan. Among all the data that need to be collected were the number of houses and area of roof cover in the study area, as well as 10 years rainfall data. Number of houses per block were collected during a field survey while the estimation of roof area was conducted using a web-based software, i-Tree Canopy. From this simulation, scenario 1 (800-liter water drums), has the potential to reduce surface runoff from the roofs within the range of 6.12 to 9.07% (January) and between 5.08 to 7.49% (February). Meanwhile scenario 2 (2000-liter water tank) has the potential for surface runoff reduction which ranges between 15.30 to 22.67% (January) and between 12.64 to 18.73% (February). On the other hand, the potential to delay the initial surface runoff time using scenario 1 ranged from 3.7 to 5.5 minutes (January) and between 3.1 to 4.5 minutes (February). Meanwhile scenario 2 has a potential to delay the initial surface runoff time from 9.3 to 13.7 minutes (January) and between 7.6 to 11.3 minutes (February).
Analisis Bahaya Abrasi di Wilayah Kabupaten Banggai Kepulauan Wisyanto Wisyanto
Jurnal ALAMI : Jurnal Teknologi Reduksi Risiko Bencana Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Alami
Publisher : Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology / Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/alami.v3i1.3490

Abstract

The threat of abrasion even though comes as a slow onset process, but it is certainly and can disrupt the interests of the community. One of the areas that threaten by abrasion is Banggai Kepulauan Regency. To find out how big the threat of abrasion and it’s alternative handling, An abrasion hazard analysis has been carried out based on the calculation of 3 main parameters obtained from secondary data and some of them are detailed by field observations, namely wave height parameters and routinity level, coastal rock / sediment composition, and coastal slope . The results showed that the total coastal length which has a high hazard level is 250.87 km and the Liang sub-district is a district that has the longest high level of abrasion threat, which is 41.11 km long. The alternative measures for abrasion protection, in addition to the physical construction of abrasion-retaining structures as found in the field, is through the protection of green belts and the prohibition of the establishment of houses on abrasive coastal areas.

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